Zhongli Quan
钟离权
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Zhongli Quan (钟离权, or 汉钟离 Han Zhongli) is regarded as the most eminent among the Daoist Eight Immortals. Respected as ‘Zhengyang Zushi (正阳祖师)’ or the ‘Grand Master with Pure Yang Energy’, he is one of the founders of the northern school of the Complete Realisation (Quanzhen jiao 全真教) Sect of Daoism. He is prototypically depicted as a stout figure with a bare chest and pot belly and a unique hairstyle: ox-horn double buns. His established emblem is a fan, as is used in the decorative set of the Covet Eight Immortals (暗八仙 an ba xian), but sometimes he holds a peach or a gourd. Liexian Quanzhuan (列仙全传) or The Complete Biographies of the Notable Immortals, compiled by the Ming Wang Shizhen (王世贞 1526-1590), has Zhongli Quan’s biographical information.
Fig 1: porcelain vase with underglaze blue decoration (detail), Jiajing period (1522-66), courtesy of the National Museum of China
Fig 2: porcelain lantern, Kangxi period (1662-1722), courtesy of the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
Fig 3: porcelain teapot (detail), Kangxi period (1662-1722), Qing dynasty, courtesy of the Jie Rui Tang Collection
Fig 4: porcelain bowl, Qianlong period (1736-95), Qing dynasty, courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago
Fig 5: porcelain vase with overglaze enamelled decoration (detail), Qianlong period (1736-95), courtesy of Sotheby’s Hong Kong 2016, Important Chinese Art, Lot 3611
Fig 6: porcelain vase with overglaze enamelled decoration (detail), Qianlong period (1736-95), Qing dynasty, courtesy of Shanghai Museum, China
Fig 7: lidded bowl, Qing dynasty (1644-1911), courtesy of Shanghai Museum, China
Fig 8: poster (detail), water colour on paper, Hang Zhiying (1900-47), 1930